There are six main steps in the marketing research process (for a detailed tutorial on the entire marketing research process, click the links below, which were obtained from the Polaris Marketing Research Company website):
1. Identifying and defining your problem (or opportunity)
6. Reporting and presentation
Source: http://www.polarismr.com/education/steps_index.html(2)
Company information/data is primarily collected and analyzed for use in the first step of the research process: Identifying and defining your problem (or opportunity), which involves the execution of four tasks; through the collection of primary and secondary data from either internal or external sources (see Table 1.1):
Table 1.1 Tasks Involved in Identifying and Defining Your Problem
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing_research_process(3)
Furthermore, existing company databases are more utilized in the third task: Secondary data analysis, for conducting marketing research.